RESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Feminino , Idoso , Humanos , 3-Iodobenzilguanidina , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único/métodos , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Adenocarcinoma Folicular , Vesícula BiliarAssuntos
Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Primárias Desconhecidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Neoplasias Tonsilares/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Carcinoma/secundário , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Neoplasias Tonsilares/patologia , Neoplasias Tonsilares/cirurgia , TonsilectomiaRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Neoplasias Tonsilares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Tonsilares/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , ElétronsAssuntos
Gânglios da Base/diagnóstico por imagem , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Pinealoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Pinealoma/secundário , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/secundário , Lobo Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Gânglios da Base/metabolismo , Criança , Terapia Combinada , Fluordesoxiglucose F18/farmacocinética , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Cuidados Paliativos , Pinealoma/tratamento farmacológico , Pinealoma/patologia , Pinealoma/radioterapia , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/farmacocinética , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/radioterapia , Lobo Temporal/metabolismoRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Pinealoma/diagnóstico , Glândula Pineal , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Pinealoma , Glândula Pineal , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Neoplasias EncefálicasRESUMO
Patients with known tumors can have other tumors in unexpected places, the so-called synchronic or second primary cancers. In these patients, whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to study known tumors can identify other tumors that would escape notice if only the sites of known tumors were investigated. We present 3 patients in whom whole-body FDG-PET was requested to study known tumors: 2 lung cancers and one melanoma. FDG-PET localized the known lesions and revealed hypermetabolic uptake in the abdomen in all 3 patients. Endoscopic polypectomy and pathologic analysis were performed, revealing 2 colon cancers and a tubular adenoma with a high degree of focal atypia. Whole body FDG-PET is a highly useful technique in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, which in turn allows complete cure of patients with this disease.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Diagnóstico Precoce , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Melanoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Los pacientes con tumoraciones conocidas pueden presentar otras tumoraciones en localizaciones no esperadas, los llamados cánceres sincrónicos o segundos primarios. En tales pacientes la realización de una tomografía por emisión de positrones con fluorodesoxiglucosa (PET-FDG) de cuerpo completo para el estudio de tumoraciones conocidas nos permitirá la localización de otras tumoraciones que pasarían inadvertidas si únicamente se empleasen procedimientos diagnósticos enfocados a la zona de estudio de la enfermedad conocida. Exponemos 3 casos en los que se solicitó una PET-FDG de cuerpo completo para el estudio de tumores conocidos, 2 cánceres de pulmón y un melanoma. Estas lesiones fueron verificadas a la vez que se localizaron sendos focos de hipermetabolismo anómalo de la FDG en abdomen. Tras una posterior polipectomía por endoscopia y un estudio anatomopatológico, se concluyó que correspondían a 2 cánceres de colon y uno a adenoma tubular con atipia focal de alto grado. La PET-FDG de cuerpo completo se muestra como una técnica de imagen de gran importancia en el diagnóstico temprano del cáncer colorrectal. Al ser detectada la enfermedad en un estadio temprano, permitirá un tratamiento rápido y efectivo que logrará curaciones completas de estas patologías
Patients with known tumors can have other tumors in unexpected places, the so-called synchronic or second primary cancers. In these patients, whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to study known tumors can identify other tumors that would escape notice if only the sites of known tumors were investigated. We present 3 patients in whom whole-body FDG-PET was requested to study known tumors: 2 lung cancers and one melanoma. FDG-PET localized the known lesions and revealed hypermetabolic uptake in the abdomen in all 3 patients. Endoscopic polypectomy and pathologic analysis were performed, revealing 2 colon cancers and a tubular adenoma with a high degree of focal atypia. Whole body FDG-PET is a highly useful technique in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, which in turn allows complete cure of patients with this disease
Assuntos
Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Neoplasias Colorretais , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias MúltiplasRESUMO
We present a case of a 73 year old man, who lost 12 kg of weight in one month, had abdominal pain and progressive hepatic failure. A MRI and liver ultrasound were performed and, with the patient's symptoms, hepatocellular carcinoma Vs metastatic liver was suspected. A PET-FDG was performed and the images showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, without other findings of interest. FDG distribution in the liver was homogeneous. The patient was diagnosed of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver biopsy. FDG-PET detects only 50 % to 70 % of hepatocellular carcinomas due to varying degrees of activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase in these tumors. This paper reviews the literature on this type of situations.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Idoso , Biópsia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Hepatomegalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hepatomegalia/etiologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Esplenomegalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Esplenomegalia/etiologiaRESUMO
We present the case of 15 day old female baby, with respiratory insufficiency, asphyxia and cyanosis when fed. She was diagnosed by ultrasound of intraauricular communication ostium secundum type. Passage of the contrast to the right respiratory tract but without localization of the fistula was observed in the esophagogastric contrast study. We performed esophageal scintigraphy that showed the passage of the isotope to both lungs, showing "H" type tracheoesophageal fistula. We review the bibliography on this special kind of disease.
Assuntos
Fístula Traqueoesofágica/congênito , Fístula Traqueoesofágica/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Cintilografia , Fístula Traqueoesofágica/classificaçãoRESUMO
El cáncer de mama es la neoplasia más frecuente del sexo femenino. La PET-FDG se muestra como una técnica diagnóstica de imagen avanzada en el cáncer de mama, tanto en el diagnóstico precoz en determinadas situaciones, estudio de extensión y estadificación previo a la terapia, valoración precoz de la eficacia de la quimioterapia, detección del tumor residual tras la terapia y detección de recurrencias con posterior re-evaluación de la extensión. La PET-FDG está basada en la identificación del aumento de actividad glicolítica en las células malignas. En este trabajo hacemos una revisión de los artículos publicados en la bibliografía sobre las indicaciones de la PET-FDG en el cáncer de mama (AU)
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Diagnóstico Precoce , Estadiamento de Neoplasias/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Dor nas Costas/etiologia , Vértebras Lombares , Osteoblastoma/complicações , Osteoblastoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/complicações , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Adolescente , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Vértebras Lombares , Osteoblastoma , Dor nas Costas , Neoplasias da Coluna VertebralAssuntos
Adenocarcinoma Folicular/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/farmacocinética , Pertecnetato Tc 99m de Sódio/farmacocinética , Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/complicações , Feminino , Bócio/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Hipertireoidismo/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertireoidismo/etiologia , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cintilografia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/complicaçõesRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Pertecnetato Tc 99m de Sódio , Glândula Tireoide , Adenocarcinoma Folicular , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Pulmão , Hipertireoidismo , Bócio , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Neoplasias PulmonaresRESUMO
High intakes of fruits and vegetables, or high circulating levels of their biomarkers (carotenoids, vitamins C and E), have been associated with a relatively low incidence of cardiovascular disease, cataract and cancer. Exposure to a high fruit and vegetable diet increases antioxidant concentrations in blood and body tissues, and potentially protects against oxidative damage to cells and tissues. This paper describes blood concentrations of carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acid and retinol in well-defined groups of healthy, non-smokers, aged 25-45 years, 175 men and 174 women from five European countries (France, UK (Northern Ireland), Republic of Ireland, The Netherlands and Spain). Analysis was centralised and performed within 18 months. Within-gender, vitamin C showed no significant differences between centres. Females in France, Republic of Ireland and Spain had significantly higher plasma vitamin C concentrations than their male counterparts. Serum retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels were similar between centres, but gamma-tocopherol showed a great variability being the lowest in Spain and France, and the highest in The Netherlands. The provitamin A: non-provitamin A carotenoid ratio was similar among countries, whereas the xanthophylls (lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin) to carotenes (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene) ratio was double in southern (Spain) compared to the northern areas (Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland). Serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin were highest in France and Spain; beta-cryptoxanthin was highest in Spain and The Netherlands; trans-lycopene tended to be highest in Irish males and lowest in Spanish males; alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were higher in the French volunteers. Due to the study design, the concentrations of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E represent physiological ranges achievable by dietary means and may be considered as 'reference values' in serum of healthy, non-smoking middle-aged subjects from five European countries. The results suggest that lutein (and zeaxanthin), beta-cryptoxanthin, total xanthophylls and gamma-tocopherol (and alpha- : gamma-tocopherol) may be important markers related to the healthy or protective effects of the Mediterranean-like diet.
Assuntos
Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Carotenoides/sangue , Vitamina A/sangue , Vitamina E/sangue , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , França , Humanos , Irlanda , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos , Valores de Referência , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha , Reino UnidoRESUMO
1. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are classified among the groups at risk for low vitamin status, and recent studies suggest that some degree of supplementation with antioxidants may be beneficial in helping to prevent certain long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Our objective was to compare the status of the fat-soluble vitamins and antioxidant-related compounds in patients with well-defined insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with that of their first-degree relatives, controlling seasonal and analytical variability as factors influencing the interpretation of the data. 2. Fifty-four patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 214 non-diabetic, first-degree relatives (controls) and 236 unrelated controls were analysed for retinol, tocopherols (alpha and gamma) and main carotenoids in serum (beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene) by means of a validated HPLC method. 3. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was associated with lower retinol levels and higher levels of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin than sex-matched, first-degree relatives. alpha-Tocopherol, the alpha-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio, gamma-tocopherol, lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene showed no differences. Retinol and beta-carotene were the variables most closely associated with diabetes. 4. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus showed lower serum retinol status together with higher concentrations of provitamin-A carotenoids. Serum fat-soluble antioxidant levels were greater than or equal to those in controls. According to the serum status observed, individuals with diabetes do not require supplementation with alpha-tocopherol or carotenoids, although the need for retinol supplementation in patients with marginal serum levels should be evaluated.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Vitaminas/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Retinopatia Diabética/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Vitamina A/sangueRESUMO
Lutein, one of the major carotenoids present in serum, is also widely consumed by most populations. For the purpose of testing the potential health benefits of several carotenoids, lutein was supplied as part of an intervention trial to test whether the consumption of these food constituents reduces oxidative damage to human tissue components. Lutein from a natural source (15 mg/d as mixed ester forms) was supplied for 4 months to eighteen non-smoking, apparently healthy volunteers (nine men, nine women) aged 25-45 years. The serum carotenoid profile was analysed at baseline and monthly thereafter. On average, lutein concentrations increased 5-fold after the first month of supplementation (mean 1.34 (range 0.6-3.34) mumol/l). On reviewing the results, in those volunteers whose lutein levels surpassed 1.05 mumol/l (fourteen of seventeen), we tentatively identified lutein monopalmitate along with another unidentified ester (possibly from a monoketocarotenoid) in serum. Lutein levels returned to baseline values and ester forms were not present 3 months after supplementation was discontinued. Their concentrations did not correlate with, and represented less than 3% of, lutein levels achieved in serum. They were observed before development of, and despite the presence of, carotenodermia. To our knowledge, this is the first time xanthophyll esters have been described in human serum. In view of the fact that xanthophyll esters have not been previously reported in serum and chylomicrons, it seems unlikely that these ester forms would be a reflection of the contents of the capsule. They may indicate a 'ceiling effect' on or saturation of the transport capacity for xanthophylls, and may have been re-esterified in vivo because of the unusual dietary conditions. The determination of the physiological importance of this finding will require further investigation, although neither haematological nor biochemical changes were detected.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Carotenoides/sangue , Suplementos Nutricionais , Luteína/administração & dosagem , Luteína/sangue , Adulto , Anticarcinógenos/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Carotenoides/administração & dosagem , Ésteres/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Licopeno , Masculino , beta Caroteno/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Carotenoids are a group of fat soluble pigments which are present in the human being, both in blood, as in tissues, and which are obtained through the diet, mainly from fruits and vegetables. The interest of these compounds is due not only to the provitamin A activity of some of them, but also due to a whole series of biological activities such as: antioxidant or prooxidant, photo-protective, modulator of the immune response, anti-carcinogen, etc. The best analytical method available for the analysis of carotenoids is high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which is used in our study both for serum as for foods, and it is controlled throughout periodic quality controls. In this article we present the preliminary results of the levels of the major serum carotenoids (b-carotene, a-carotene, b-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene) in control subjects from five European countries, as well as indicating the major dietary contributors to the carotenoids intake in the Spanish population. The percentage of each carotenoid to the total of the carotenoids analyzed, varies according to the origin of the studied population. Ireland and the UK show a very similar carotenoids profile. France presents the highest levels of lutein and b-carotene, which are present simultaneously in green vegetables. Spain shows the lowest levels of b-carotene, along with the highest levels of b-cryptoxanthin, which in our country is supplied mainly by oranges and tangerines. The most abundant carotenoid in all countries was lycopene. The average daily intake of these carotenoids (from fresh fruits and vegetables) in our population, is 3.5 mg/day. Through the relationships between the dietary carotenoid contents and serum the identification of "biomarkers" have been proposed, which might be correlated with several pathological situations, and thus contribute to the prevention of certain diseases.